No Correlation between Biofilm Formation, Virulence Factors, and Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Results from a Laboratory-Based In Vitro Study

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) possesses a plethora of virulence determinants, including the production biofilm, pigments, exotoxins, proteases, flagella, and secretion systems. The aim our present study was to establish relationship between biofilm-forming capacity, expression some important factors, multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype in P. aeruginosa. A total three hundred two (n = 302) isolates were included this study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing phenotypic detection resistance determinants carried out; based on these results, grouped into distinct resistotypes multiple antibiotic (MAR) indices calculated. capacity produce biofilm assessed using crystal violet microtiter-plate method. Motility (swimming, swarming, twitching) pigment-production (pyoverdine pyocyanin) also measured. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) calculated determine for antimicrobial resistance, biofilm-formation, other factors. Resistance rates highest ceftazidime (56.95%; n 172), levofloxacin (54.97%; 166), ciprofloxacin (54.64%; 159), while lowest colistin (1.66%; 5); 44.04% 133) classified as MDR. 19.87% 60), 20.86% 63) 59.27% 179) weak, moderate, strong producers, respectively. With exception pyocyanin (0.371 ± 0.193 vs. non-MDR: 0.319 0.191; p 0.018), MDR non-MDR did not show significant differences Additionally, no relevant correlations seen rate formation, pigment production, or motility. Data interplay presence mechanisms drug with those formation is crucial address chronic bacterial infections provide strategies their management.